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page (565-581) Page(565) Capitalization occurs when the first letter in a word is an upper case letter. For example, the first word in this sentence contains a capital F. Why do we use Punctuation and Capitalization? Marks of punctuation and capitalization help readers understand and interpret sentences better. Some marks are required to prevent misreading and some are optional and depend

page (556-564) Page 556 Chapter 30 Number and How to Read Number and how to Read Number and How to read Cardinal Number one, two, three, four, five, six, etc. Ordinal Number The first, the second, the third, etc. Cardinal Number                                  Ordinal Number 0 Nought 1 One                                                   the first                        (1 st) 2 Two                                                  the second                    (2

page (548-555) Page 548 also called the possessive case, the genitive case is when we add apostrophe S (’s) to show possession, that something belongs to another or a type of relationship between things. e.g. Woodward’s house, Your brother’s friend The meaning of X’s Y is: = The Y of X = The Y belonging to X (Y is normally

page(531-547) Page 531 The comparison of adjectives and adverbs is used to compare things, people or actions, expressing the equalities or inequalities between them. The comparison can be formed by using adjectives or adverbs. When we want to compare one thing with another we use the word than after the adjective or adverb. Chapter 28 The comparison of adjectives or adverbs is used to compare two or more things, people or actions, expressing the equalities or inequalities between them. When we make a comparison using adjectives or adverbs, we start

page(513-530) Combining sentences is a necessary part of fluent communication in the English language. However, with all of the transitions, subjects, predicates, verbs, and verbals to consider, it’s easy to become overwhelmed. But sentence combining doesn’t need to be a chore! Keep reading for various techniques to combine different types of sentences. Chapter 27 Definition Sentence combining is the process of

page(506-510) Compound Words When two words are used together to yield a new meaning, a compound is formed. Compound words can be written in three ways: as open compounds (spelled as two words, e.g., ice cream), closed compounds (joined to form a single word, e.g., doorknob), or hyphenated compounds (two words joined by a hyphen, e.g., long-term). Sometimes, more than

Commonly Confused Words Some words look the same, while others sound the same. Knowing the difference between these similar words can be very tricky. In this handout we have provided some of the most commonly confused word pairs, with definitions for each and sentences showing them in context. This is by no means a comprehensive list, but it should hopefully

page(467-489) Word Endings You can also make new words from the words you already know by using different endings. For example, “The person who employs me has a fast car”. You can make this sentence simpler, by replacing “the person who employs me” with “my employer”. This gives you “My employer has a fast car.” In English you can make nouns from

page(461-466) Inversion of subject and verb In English, the usual order of words in a sentence is subject + verb + object. Sometimes certain adverbs come at the beginning of the sentence. This order is then inverted and the verb comes before the subject. Chapter 22 Inversion of Verb and Adverb Inversion of Verb and Adverb ? : inversion of Verb

Tag questions Tag questions (or question tags) turn a statement into a question. They are often used for checking information that we think we know is true. Tag questions are made using an auxiliary verb (for example: be or have) and a subject pronoun (for example: I, you, she). Negative question tags are usually contracted: It’s warm today, isn’t it (not ‘is it not’) Usually if