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Compound Words-English Grammar

page(506-510)

Compound Words

When two words are used together to yield a new meaning, a compound is formed. Compound words can be written in three ways: as open compounds (spelled as two words, e.g., ice cream), closed compounds (joined to form a single word, e.g., doorknob), or hyphenated compounds (two words joined by a hyphen, e.g., long-term). Sometimes, more than two words can form a compound (e.g., mother-in-law).

The most common spelling quandary writers face is whether to write compounds as separate words, one word, or hyphenated words.

A compound word is formed when two words are combined to make a new word. It is one of the ways in which the English language is flexible and always changing, as compound words allow people to create new words as the need arises.

Chapter 25

: Compound Word

: Compound Word

Compound Word

bookseller () seller =

book

Compound Word

  1. Compound Noun =
  2. Compound Adjective =
  3. Compound Noun
  4. Noun + Noun

1.1

a glass bottle                      (a bottle made of glass)

a leather hat                      (a hat made of leather)

a diamond ring                  (a ring made of diamonds)

an iron gate                        (a gate made of iron)

 

1.2

a bookseller                                                     (a seller of books)

an encyclopedia salesman                             (a salesman of encyclopedia)

a dressmaker                                                     (a maker of dresses)

a rice merchant                                                 (a merchant of rice)

1.3

a flower vase                                                     (a vase for flowers)

a wine bottle                                                     (a bottle for wine)

a petrol barrel                                                   (a barrel for petrol)

a fruit basket                                                     (a basket for fruit)   (Page 506)

 

a reference book                                             (a book of reference)

a record player                                                  (a player of records)

a mathematics teacher                                  ( teacher of mathematics)

a light switch                                                      (a switch of light)

1.5

a park pool                                                          (a pool in a park)

a country man                                                   (a man in the country)

a shop assistant                                                (an assistant in a shop)

a garden furniture                                            (furniture in a garden)

Present Participle or Gerund + Noun (ing )

a dancing-teacher            (a teacher who is dancing)

the following-year           (a year which follows)

a racing-horse                   (a horse that which) races)

sewing machine                                (a machine that sews)

swimming pool                  (a pool for swimming)

  1. Noun + Verb er, or –

a shopkeeper                    (a person who keeps a shop)

a hairdresser                      (person why dress hair)

a bus driver                        (a person who drives a bus)

a hair dryer                         (at thing that dries hair)

.4 verb  er

a passer-by

a looker-on

  1. Noun + noun

a man-of-war

a sister-in-law

  1. Compound Adjective

Compound Adjective

Adjective + noun

a middle-aged man  (Page 507)

 

a red-nosed boy

bad-tempered woman

an old-fashioned idea

  1. Noun + Adjective

the stone-cold floor

nut-brown eyes

a blood-red dress

  1. Adjective + Adjective

a tall-dark man

bitter-sweet cake

brown-grey beard

  1. Noun + Noun

a sound-proof room

water-proof cloth

waterproof glass

  1. Adjective + Noun

a heavy weight boxer

upper-class people

  1. Noun( adjective, adverb) +Past Participle

the snow-covered mountain

a well-trained horse

a ready-made shirt

a badly-written letter

 

  1. Noun ( adjective, adverb ,Present

grass-cutting machinery

a quickly-growing baby

high-flying aeroplane

night-blooming flowers

  1. Given phrases + Noun

a broken-hearted man   (Page 508)

 

a worth-while experiment

a six-year-old boy

an up-to-date radio

the midnight-urgent news

9.(other different forms)

a three-hour work

three hours’ work

a twenty-minute conversation

a twenty minutes’ conversation

 

 

 

1) postcard, toothbrush, blackbird,

homework, headmaster, grandfather, housework, football, swordsman, salesman, etc,

2) (Hyphen):- snow man, taxi metre, mother tongue, morning market, office hours, shop hours, station master, etc.

3) (Hyphen):- fire-engine room-mate, money order, tea-time, timetable, teamwork, sun-dial, snow storm, etc.

4) Verb-ing +noun (Hyphen)

 

 

Swinging-pool

dining-room

dancing-room

weighing-machine

sewing-machine

singing-roon

sleeping-room    (Page 509)

 

Choose the best answer for each of the following sentences.

Which of these is a compound word?

  1. a clever boy
  2. light meal
  3. an iron gate
  4. a close friend
  5. This is a…………………. blouse
  6. well-dressing
  7. badly-dressed
  8. good-dressed
  9. bad-dressing
  10. Somsri helped me to sell things in the shop. We called her…………………………..
  11. an assistant shop
  12. shop assistant
  13. helper shop
  14. a shopping helper
  15. A servant who suffers a long time is………
  16. a long-suffering servant
  17. a longed-suffering servant
  18. a long –suffered servant
  19. a long-suffer servant
  20. His grandmother is old. She has grey hair. She is a………………….woman.
  21. grey hair old
  22. old-grey hair
  23. grey-haired old
  24. grey-old-hair
  25. Of the man is forty years old, we always call him…
  26. a middle-aged man
  27. aged-middle man
  28. man middle-aged
  29. middle-aged man
  30. This machine is used for sewing. It is called.
  31. a sew machine
  32. machine sewing
  33. a sewing machine
  34. sewing a machine
  35. If the floor, walls and ceiling of a room are made so that sound cannot pass through them, we

say that the room is…………………….

  1. sound-proof
  2. sounded-proof

c.proof-sound

  1. proofed-sound
  2. She said that she saw the……………….man going into the shop.

a thirty-year-old

  1. thirty-years-old
  2. thirty-old-years
  3. old-thirty years
  4. They are looking forward to…

a vacation week

  1. a vacation of the week
  2. a week’s vacation
  3. a week of vacation

 

  1. C 2. B 3. B 4.A 5.C  6. A  7. C  8.A  9.A  10.C   (Page 510)

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