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Pronunciation-English Grammar

Pronunciation is the way in which a word or a language is spoken. This may refer to generally agreed-upon sequences of sounds used in speaking a given word or language in a specific dialect (“correct pronunciation”), or simply the way a particular individual speaks a word or language.

A word can be spoken in different ways by various individuals or groups, depending on many factors, such as: the duration of the cultural exposure of their childhood, the location of their current residence, speech or voice disorders, their ethnic group, their social class, or their education.

Pronunciation means how we say words. Most people speak the dialect of standard English with an accent that belongs to the part of the country they come from or live in. Learners of British English commonly hear RP (received pronunciation), which is an accent often used on the BBC and other news media and in some course materials for language learners, but it is also common to hear a variety of regional accents of English from across the world.

How we use spoken stress and rhythm is also an important part of pronunciation. For example, it is important to know which syllables in a word are stressed and how different patterns of stressed and unstressed syllables are pronounced. There are also common patterns of intonation in English which enable us to give special emphasis to particular words, phrases and sentences.

Pronunciation is the act or manner of speaking a word.

For a variety of reasons, many words in English are not pronounced the way they are spelled, and some sounds can be represented by more than one combination of letters. Consider, for instance, that the words doeswas, and fuzz all rhyme with one another.

Pronounciation and Spelling

Orthography refers to the conventions of spelling in a given language. In English, of course, many words are not spelled how they sound. Writers, playwrights, and others have commented on orthography in English and how it relates to the sometimes odd spelling of words in the language.

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Page 582

Chapter 32

Pronunciation

Pronunciation

(Grammar)                   (meaning)  (Usage)

 

  • (stress)

 

Table                           window

Money                         father

Brother                        country

Pencil                           student

Etc.                              etc.

 

  • (stress)

Hotel                            canal

Police                           cadet

Arcade                         encase

Etc.                              etc.

 

  • (Prefix)                     (prefix)

 

Admit

Deny

Prepare

Arrive

unwise

Page 583

Expense

Belong

Success

Etc.

2)

Property

Illustrate

Fertilize

Healthiness

Advertise

Handkerchief

Saxophone

Murderer

(a)

Committee

Abandon

Already

Examine

Convenient

Convention

Promotion

Etc.

(b)

Contribute

Accomplish

Envelop

Attribute

Develop

Inhuman

Grammarian

Etc.

Page 584

Philosophy

Democracy

Photographer

Credulity

Corruptible

Unquestionable

Unmannerly

Speedometer

Etc.

 

4)

 

Orientation

Organization

Defensible

Deformation

Popularize

Gratification

Excellency

Comparative

Suffocation

Etc.

 

Dictionary

 

5)     (Noun)      (Verb)

Noun                           Verb

Present                         Present

Detail                           detail

Import                          import

Export                          export

Permit                          permit

Object                          object

Page 585

Progress                                   progress

Contest                                     contest

Record                                     record

Contract                                   contract

Subject                                     subject

Produce                                   produce

Survey                                     survey

Pronounce                                pronounce

Protest                                      protest

Contrast                                   contrast

Discount                                  Discount

Extract                                     extract

Reprint                                     reprint

Etc.

 

Contract                                   report

Dispute                                    process

Interview                                 purchase

  • C                    O, U

Call , Cold, cut

Can, Could,   Coin

Olympic, picnic

Act, nick,

 

C

Per cent, Accident

City cypress, cycle

Page 586

CC

Account                       Accord

Acclaim                       Accomplice

Accent                         Vaccine

 

Chair                            Cheap

 

Echo

Ache

Epoch

Chaos

Chirst

Chemist

Anchor

Stomach

Architect

Archaic

Cholera

Technical

Technique

Character

School

Technology

Qu.

Equal

Liquid

Conquest

 

Cheque

Unique

Opaque

Page 587

Mosquito

Liquor

Queue

 

Th

 

Think, Thank, Thin, Thing

2)

That, This, Those, Then, They

 

(Silent Consonant)

 

B

 

Bomb

Lamb

Comb

Dumb

Limb

Climb

Succumb

Plumber

Remember

 

 

Debt

Doubt

Subtle

 

T

Castle

Listen

Fasten

Whistle

Hasten

 

Page 588

Wrestle

Postpone

 

Often

Soften

G

Campaign

Paradigm

Foreign

Assign

Sovereign

Gnat

 

 

Signature

Resignation

Signify

Signal

W

Write

Wrist

Wrap

Wrong

Wreath

Wring

Wrestle

Wrinkle

 

Answer

Sword

 

D

Wednesday

Handkerchief

Handsome

Page (589

K

 

Know

Knee

Knife

Knot

Kneel

Knob

Knight

Knock

Etc.

 

L       alk, -alf, -alm

Chalk

Calm

Half

 

N         mn

Autumn

Column

Damn

Condemn

Solemn

 

N           n

 

Columnist

Condemnation

 

P

Psychology

Pneomonia

Psalm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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